Panoramic drawing board



June 30, 1931. w. J. HELMER 1,812,264

' PANORAMIC DRAWING Bonn Filed July 16', 192e s sheets-sheer -1 IE TME.` 2 ATTORNEYS.

y June 30,1931. WJ. HELMER 1,812,264

PANORAMIC DRAWING EGARD y Fild July 16, 192e 5 sheets-Sheet 2 En' Z 1N VEA/TOR.

l/l/JLL 1.4M J HEL MER.

A TTOR NE YS.

June 30, 1931. w. J. HELMER 1,812,264

l PANORAMIC DRAWING BOARD Filed July 16, 1928 SSheets-Sheet 3 H# 10. YMLLJAMJHELMEH.

A TTOR N E YS.

I devicefwhich yconsists essentially vof three l l A i .Wall 17 fofthei sight 16 toV remain tangent to: Y

` Patented June 15.01931l Appliaaon'v mera 'July '116,.192'sl` serrer ri/293,153,155@

. 'i invention relates tov improvements in panoramic drawing boards, andl it consists in` the combinations, constructions and arrange` ments hereinafter describedfand claimed.

v object-of'my invention is to provide a panoramicdr'awing board which will give a true'perspective vof the object drawn andV c which maybe used for ydrawinglandscapes, v Y

* 6 of the shape shovvnfin'Figure .Y o

buildings, or in vi'factany kind of anobj ect.

10 A further object of my? invention'is to pro.

vide a device f of the type f described 'Which is extremely simple in yconstruction andy which" maybe readily explained-to a novice and per# mit vhim to make an accurate 4sketch of an ob# ject Within a very short vtime after being ltold how to'operate the device.l f

` Other yobjects and 4advantages Will appear` as the yspecification proceeds, and the novel features will be particularly pointed outjin lMy invention is illustrated in the accom'- panying drawingsv forming'a part of this ap*- plicatiomsin whichl f Figure l'is a top plan'vievt7 of'r'the device;` ligure 2is apsectionrl along thegline V242v oit"` Figure f l ;f

lFigure Sis l p front sight used in the device;

Figure 4 is a ysectionLalong'thelinei a side elevationfof 130 ofFigurel;V

'- Figure''is a :section along the line 5,-.5oiY

f Figurev Gris a perspectiveV View ofthe sight arm and its associate mechanism;l

v Figure 7 is a top Vplan view of thedevice showing its use in making a perspective viewof an object;v Y Y 1 Figure 8 is a plan View of ai modified foi-fm ofthe invention;

I y .Figure 9 is a section along the line'9l-9 of Figure8;" fied-form of the'inve'ntion; andV K l y Figure 1,1 is a'.sidegelevation'ofFigure 1.0.' f VIn carrying out-my invention, -I providea klegumi() is a'plaf'vietw of aaothtgginodi;

y fr!" is Lshown in Figure Y2;;

adjustablyfreceived"in: alignedl bushings and y11 carriedv by thepieceslandiifrespec-Y cui Y. tively. The bushings Al() and 1.1 "actasapivotv ,y point' for the 'sightS jv The sightfisf lafdjust-v 12havingfalfknurled-head.if'.

yEnt-hat indicate rthe eXtreme"limits oftraveli ofthe sight'armlWithin-the reees's. f. The f arm 6 fis vprovided .Withjan arcuateshapedv 'portion 13 Whichis of'th'e same thickness as v l the encl'liiortion'-14 (see Figure lfThe 75 'a movable.

pieceasai center.

, sight I16 has a. scale 5 17 'onl one Y sidelthereof sketching board comprises i a 'bottom piece 1 intermediate triangularl'y shaped' pieces 2 Iand 3, and a` top piece t'.- y

' ably lreceiving'a rear peepsightfS. v'This sight has anopeninguorfpe'ep holegfinf'the top',k thereoffFigure2 lshowsghow theV sight Slis j ably` secured in thev4 sight al, screvv` n alia In- Figurel -I show tvvofbrokenflinues is reduced in thickness between'these portions order 'to eliminate funvduefriction; f- The j portion 13 slides between The'rv piecesk 11 Aand .4

anddescribes ap'ortionfof'a circlek abouttlie, :s

tm' thereof' for slidablvreceivinga movable'- front sight 16 ,(see VFigures and" 6);.` The graduated vvin milsfand' a 'rackr18kfonthe other sidefheretf.. -The-rack,meshes'wiaiapinion1 19 v(see Figure 2.), and this pinion isfactuated by'anfadjusting kno`bi2Qf seey Figure c turning ofthe `knob will raise or lxo'werkthe Sighele. y ,u rlfhesight 1:6 passes?,through aniindica't'or ycollar '21,-, and.:V this collar haslagb'all-bearing `race22 .mounted therearound'.v The fraceff is n 95 Y 'received Withina s l'ot'l23 of aY 1centering'cam' 24 (seeFigure 1) Whie`h permits the` ,frontpV a. circle having the sight as..itspceiitergatlall times.

elling bar 25 having a cross-section of the shape shown in Figure 5. A strip 26 slidably holds the bar 25 in place. The bar 25 carries a triangle 27, and the edge 26 of the triangle is graduated in mils in the same manner as the sight 16.

An arcuate scale 29 also graduated in mils forms a part of the upper piece 4. The lower; piece 1 is arcuate in shape so as to act as a support for the arcuate piece 13. A compass 30 may be inserted in the top piece 4 if desired.

From the foregoing description of the various parts ofthe device, the operation thereof may be readily understood.

I have shown the use of the device in FigureY 7. Assume that an object such as that shown at 31 is to be drawn. The device is placed in front of the object in the manner shown, and the sight arm is swung to the right and to the left in order to align the sights 8 and 16 with the eXtreme right-hand side 32 of the object and the eXtreme left-- hand edge 33. The movement of the sight arm 6 will move the triangle 27, and the edge 28 of the triangle will designate the proper line to be drawn on the paper for indicating the right-hand side 3,2 ofthe object. The same is true when the sight arm is swung to the left, and the left-hand edge 33 of the object is indicated by the line 34 on the paper.

The top and bottom of the side 32 is found upon the drawing by adjusting this sight 8 and then the sight 16, so that a person looking through the peep hole 9 and across the top edge 35 of the sight 16 will see the top edge of the line 32. Figure 2 shows the sight 16 raised into the dotted-line position for finding, for example, the top edge of side 32. A persen looks through the opening 9 along the broken line F, and this line continued will touch the top edge vof side 32. The scale 17 is then read, and the number on the scale appearing just above the indicator 21 is noted and a dot is made on the paper opposite a like` number on the vscale 36 disposed along the edge `23 of the triangle 27 This will give the top of the side 32. The lowermost point of side l32 is arrived at in the same manner, and this point is placed upon the sheet of drawing. The extremities o the line 34 are now obtained, and a line 37 representing the front edge 38 of the object is drawn `and the extremities of this line are fixed. Lines 39 and 40 connecting the lines 37 and 34 give the true perspective of the face 41 of the object.

lIt is obvious that before the `drawing is started the tripod A is so located that the entire object to be drawn .may be includ-ed within the limits of the board. The board B is swung so as .to align the sights 8 and 16 with the Center of the object to be sketched, and the board is then clamped in this position and levelled by means of a hand level.

In making a sketch of any kind, it is of prime importance that a reference point be chosen. rfhis can be any prominent point or feature of the model obj-ect. With the sights in line with this point, reference points should be marked on the board and the sight setting recorded. lt is well to refer to this reference point or points occasionally to see if the board has not been disturbed.

In case the board has moved, it is easy to make a re-adjustment and then continue with the sketch. Prominent or critical points of the object are marked down on the paper, and these points may be joined by a ruler. For example, vin sketching a building the eaves may be plotted, then the ridge of the roof, and then another prominent point in the continuation of the sketch. These points may be joined together by using av ruler, and will furnish the contour necessary for the sketch. 1t should'be remembered that any point on the model object 31 may be located by moving the sighting arm 6 horizontally and the front sight 16 vertically until the line of sight between the rear sight and the front sight is brought to the desired point.

jhese points may be joined by either straight or curved lines, according to the nature of the contour. in this way trees or other ir.- regularly-shaped objects may be drawn with substantially the same ease as buildings.

In Figures 8 and 9 I show a slightly modiiied form of the invention. The sight arm is done away with in this form, and the gear housing 50 is slidably mounted upon an arcuate rail 51 and is turned with respect thereto by a friction wheel 52 and a knurled knob 53. ln all other respects the device functions in the same manner as the form already described.

Figures 10 and 11 show a device in which the distance between the sights and 76 does not remain constant. This type of board will not produce an accurate perspective drawing, but will give close enough approximations to present' an accurate-appearing sketch. rlhe gear housing 77 in this form of the invention yforms a part of a bar 78, and this bar slides in a slot 79 that is parallel with the front edge 80. A movement of the gear housing 77 to the right or to the left will vary the distance between the sights 75 and 76 to a slight extent.

The graduation of the edge 28 of the triangle into mils provides an easy method of transferring vertical angles into points that may be located upon a piece of paper. The co-action between the` scales 17 andv 36 gives an instant reading as'to the various vertical points in the object desired to be transferred to the sheetV of drawing. The swinging Aof the arm 6 in a horizontal plane gives the v arious horizontal points in the object. A `co mbination of these two is all that is necessary tomake an accurate perspective drawing.

. v Vfront edge of the drawing board.l

scope vrof they invention as claimed. Y

"ploy such changes as. may come withi Although I have shown and described sev-` eral embodiments of my invention, it isto be understood that the same is susceptible 'of various changes, andI reserve the right totem- I claim:

ing board, a xed sightzthereon and aV movablesight finder Vpivotally''mounted on` said board on the vertical axis of the fixed lsight and being swingable-about the `fixed .sight n as a center, said movable sight being movable lin a vertical and a horizontal plane, and means bearing a scale movable horizontally'a, with `the movable sight forf'determining vpoints on the board spaced horizontally from each other on the object being drawn,-there being a'vertical scale carried by said movable sight and graduated the same vas the first named scale.

2L A sketching devicecomprisinga'draw-- ing board, a; support therefor, said board be-y ing swingable into. various positions upon said support, a fixed sight, a movabley sight pivotally connected thereto and beingswing-,- ableabout. the first sight as a center, said mo-vable sight having a vertically disposed scale f thereon viewable through the first sight, a

scale slidable over ythe board and being gra-d1- uated in the same manner as the'sight scale,

- sight and being and means operatively connecting the, second scale to the movable sight for keeping the' Vsecond scale 'always' directly in front ofl the movable sight and at right angles to the l n the A carried Vby the free end ofthe arm, `means for j, i moving said secondy sight vertically,` abar,

1. A sketching device comprising a draw# fond sight'.y

front edge of the board at thercenter of the x arcuate edge, said sight being adjustable vervtically,means securing the sight in adjusted position, an arm pivotally secured to thel sight for movement'over the board, vafsecond sight means mounting said bar on said lboard for arcuate edge, means pivotallygand 'slidably edge, Va sight disposed adjacent to the front .sliding longitudinally "of itself along said connecting said'bar andsecondy sight and a triangle on said-bar having` agraduated edge`l normal to? said bar, there being a lsimilar graduated 'vertical scale on said second sight. v 6. Ajsketching device comprising a ,draw-e* 'ing board' having. an arcuate-shaped rear edge of the board andat the center of' the arc-shaped edge, said sight being movable vertically and being secured in adjusted position, a sight armlpivotally secured to said f first sight and being movable over the .board so as to be swingable about said fixed sight as I' va center, a secondrsight carriedfby the free f ond sight vertically, a barmovable acrossy the board and parallel to the front edge theree l j' of,` a centering cam operatively connecting V"said bar with the free end of said arm,.av triangle carried by said bar and having one of* yits edges extending vertically with, respect f: f Y v o thereto, and similar scales marked upon: said'y end of vsaid arm, means for moving the secvertical edge of th'etriangle and saidsec- 3. A sketching device'comprising a draws,v i 'i tically movable sight carriedv by said arm,

means for moving said movable sight, a barV movable longitudinally of itselfY across the i ing board, a sight fixedl thereon, ya sight arm ,y

movable about said sight as a center, a'bver- Y board, means bearing'a scale carried by said c.;

bar and means pivotally andilslidably connecting said bar andfmovable sight, Vthere being a verticaliscale carried lby said` movable sight, and named scal graduate-d the 4same, as the first-y 4' A sketching device Comprising a das:

ing board, a fixed sight, la movable sight swingable aboutsaid fixed ysight as a center,'. a sight arm connectingfsaid 'sights together,

means for raising and lowering said movable sight relative vto the board, avbar movable across the board parallel tovthe. front edge thereof,v a` scaleL carried bysaid barand extending normal thereto, meansoperatively connecting said -bar'and arm, whereby said i scale is moved as said sightris swung, there being a vertical scale carried by vsaidniovable ner as the irst-named scale. j

5. A sketching devicecomprising a drawgraduated in Athe same mani' Vn i loo v 

